研究動向

astro-ph.SR2026年9月22日

The white dwarf binary pathways survey - XI. The Gaia-GALEX UV Excess Sample for systems within 350 pc

James A. Garbutt, S. G. Parsons, N. Gentile Fusillo, B. T. Gänsicke, M. S. Hernandez, F. Lagos-Vilches, R. Raddi, A. Rebassa-Mansergas et al.

White dwarfs (WDs) with F, G or K type binary companions are the last common ancestor to a zoo of exotic phenomena. Finding a clean sample of such systems is difficult, as WDs in such binaries are usually outshone at optical wavelengths by their non-degenerate companion. It is useful to have a sample of such binaries - they can be studied to investigate binary evolution, as they may have undergone a previous phase of mass transfer. Using Gaia data release 3 and GALEX, we compile a sample of 2597…

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astro-ph.GAastro-ph.SR2026年9月22日

CRIMSONS: An Online Tool for Modeling Chemical Enrichment with Stochastic IMF Sampling

Martina Rossi, Lapo Querci, Stefano Ciabattini, Stefania Salvadori, Irene Vanni, Davide Massari, Edoardo Ceccarelli, Donatella Romano et al.

Chemical enrichment is a universal process shaped by several interconnected factors, including stellar feedback, the nature of chemical polluters, and the underlying distribution of stellar masses. Three key ingredients are often difficult to treat simultaneously in chemical-evolution models: the stochastic sampling of the stellar IMF, uncertainties in stellar nucleosynthesis yields, and pre-enrichment from primordial PopIII stars. In low star-formation rate environments, incomplete IMF sampling…

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astro-ph.GA2026年9月22日

EPOCHS-DR2 I: Expanded data release and properties of $6.5<z<16.5$ photometrically selected galaxies across NIRCam deep fields covering $\sim700\,\rm arcmin^2$ with the galfind software

Duncan Austin, Christopher J. Conselice, Thomas Harvey, Nathan J. Adams, Louis Quilley, Jordan C. J. D'Silva, Vadim Rusakov, Qiong Li et al.

We present the \epochstwo\ sample of $2452$ star forming galaxies at $6.5 10.5$, $\sim85\%$ of which are without NIRSpec follow-up, including $15$ candidates at $z_{\rm phot}>13.5$ across a diverse range of proper sizes $30\,\rm pc\lesssim r_{\rm c}\lesssim1.5\,\rm kpc$ and UV slopes $-4.0\lesssimβ_{\rm UV}\lesssim-1.5$. Two very promising candidates stand out, GS-W-4608 and GN-Med-1881, with $β_{\rm UV}\lesssim-3$, $\gtrsim1.6\,\rm mag$ \lya\ break colors, and F335M and F410M detections which i…

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astro-ph.SRastro-ph.EP2026年9月22日

Elemental Abundances of Cool Stars: A Spectroscopic Framework Applied to Five Planet-Host Stars

Nicole Gromek, Drew Weisserman, Ryan Cloutier, Alexandrine L'Heureux, Charles Cadieux

Stellar elemental abundances provide important constraints on the chemical environments from which planets form. M and late-K dwarfs are prime targets for the characterization of small exoplanets, yet their complex spectra make accurate elemental abundance measurements challenging. In this work, we present a spectral synthesis-based framework to derive detailed abundances for cool stars from high-resolution, near-infrared spectra. We apply our framework to SPIRou YJHK spectra of five planet-host…

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astro-ph.HE2026年9月22日

PEARLS: NuSTAR and XMM-Newton Extragalactic Survey of the JWST North Ecliptic Pole Time-Domain Field IV: X-Ray Variability Analysis

Ross Silver, Francesca Civano, Xiurui Zhao, Samantha Creech, S. P. Willner, Christopher N. A. Willmer, Rogier A. Windhorst, Haojing Yan et al.

NuSTAR and XMM-Newton have observed the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) Time-Domain Field (TDF) for almost five contiguous years starting in 2019. In that time, the NEP X-ray survey has accumulated 3.5 Ms and 228 ks of quasi-simultaneous NuSTAR and XMM-Newton observations, respectively. This paper presents variability results for the 112 NuSTAR and 453 XMM-Newton sources detected in this field, based solely on the X-ray photometric data. Four NuSTAR sources and 11 XMM…

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astro-ph.COastro-ph.IM2026年9月22日

Merlin: Fast and flexible 3x2pt cosmology with simulation-based inference

Alexandra Wernersson, Guillermo Franco-Abellán, Guadalupe Cañas-Herrera

We present Merlin, a simulation-based inference (SBI) pipeline to perform cosmological analyses of 3x2pt summary statistics: cosmic shear, galaxy clustering and the cross-correlation power spectra. Our approach combines Marginal Neural Ratio Estimation (MNRE) with 3x2pt angular power spectra predictions from the cloelib library, although the pipeline is readily extensible to other cosmology libraries. We demonstrate this pipeline on a realistic setting representative of a Stage-IV photometric su…

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nucl-thastro-ph.HEastro-ph.SRnucl-ex2026年9月22日

Ruling out nucleonic direct Urca cooling in low-mass neutron stars using nuclear data

Gabriele Montefusco, Pietro Klausner, Marco Antonelli, Caterina Ciampi, Diego Gruyer, Francesca Gulminelli

Connecting nuclear experiments to neutron star composition requires controlling the extrapolation of experimental information beyond the densities probed in the laboratory. We combine a broad set of nuclear structure observables and INDRA-FAZIA isospin-transport data within a Bayesian inference of the dense matter equation of state (EoS). To limit uncontrolled extrapolation to high density, we employ a flexible asymptotically causal metamodel whose neutron star posteriors are comparable to those…

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astro-ph.GA2026年9月22日

Galaxy evolution in the post-merger regime. V - Atomic gas evolution traced by ALFALFA stacks

Sara L. Ellison, Manasvee Saraf, Leonardo Ferreira, Amelie Saintonge, Dirk Scholte, Jing Wang, Qifeng Huang

(Abridged) In this work, we investigate the role of atomic hydrogen (HI) gas in the galaxy merger lifecycle. In order to both identify galaxies in mergers, as well as to predict their time since coalescence, we present an extension of the MUlti Model Merger Identifier (MUMMI) machine vision pipeline applied to Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey (DECaLS) imaging. The new MUMMI-DECaLS catalog contains 19,951 post-mergers, of which 14,638 have robust time post-merger (T_PM) predictions. The MUMMI-DEC…

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astro-ph.HE2026年9月22日

Magnetar magnetothermal evolution with Landau-quantized electrons: enhanced Joule heating due to free electron diamagnetism and the magnetar heating problem

Peter B. Rau

Magnetars are systematically more luminous than other neutron stars. Previous studies suggest that supporting such high luminosities requires a heat source beyond standard Ohmic dissipation-- the ``magnetar heating problem''. We previously demonstrated using periodic box simulations that de Haas--van Alphen (dHvA) oscillations of the Landau quantization-induced magnetization in a neutron star could repeatedly generate large-gradient field components that undergo rapid Ohmic dissipation. Using th…

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astro-ph.HEgr-qchep-ph2026年9月22日

Luminosity Signatures of Dark Sector Particles from Black Hole Evaporation in Neutron Stars

Ioannis Dalianis, Anastasios Irakleous

Microscopic black holes may form at the centers of neutron stars through the accumulation and collapse of dark matter. While Standard Model particles produced by Hawking evaporation are efficiently absorbed by the dense stellar medium, sufficiently weakly interacting and long-lived particles can escape and subsequently decay into high-energy neutrinos, photons, or charged particles, providing an indirect probe of Hawking radiation. We examine the joint energy--angular distribution of these secon…

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astro-ph.EP2026年9月22日

Feeding the Circumplanetary Disk: 3D Simulations of Dust Filtration and Accretion in PDS 70 c

Charles H. Gardner, Andrea Isella, Hui Li, Shengtai Li, Gennaro D'Angelo, Adam M. Dempsey

How circumplanetary disks (CPDs) capture and retain solids is central to constraining the timescale for formation of rocky satellites and interpreting submillimeter continuum observations around giant planets. Here, we investigate the transport of gas and dust from the circumstellar disk into the CPD, using PDS 70 as our fiducial example. Based on observation-driven parameters, we perform high-resolution 3D adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) hydrodynamic simulations including a multifluid dust compo…

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astro-ph.GA2026年9月22日

Reducing False Positives in Strong-Lens Searches with Generalized-Mean Consensus of Machine-Learning Ensembles in the Kilo-Degree Survey

Ziqi Li, Rui Li, Xu Huang, Hui Li, Pufan Liu, Liang Gao, Crescenzo Tortora, Nicola N. Napolitano et al.

Context. In wide-field surveys, the main challenge is not just classifier sensitivity, but the overwhelming number of false positives. Searching for strong lenses among millions to bilions of galaxies produces many contaminants, making the bottleneck for follow-up inspection and building statistically useful lens samples. Aims. We aim to improve the purity of strong-lens candidate selection in KiDS DR4 by combining several classifiers. The objective is to retain high completeness for known candi…

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hep-phastro-ph.HE2026年9月22日

A New Probe of Strongly-Interacting Dark Sector using Neutrino Telescopes

Jose A. Macias Cruz, Christopher V. Cappiello, P. S. Bhupal Dev, Suchita Kulkarni

A confining dark sector modeled after quantum chromodynamics provides a well-motivated framework for strongly-interacting dark matter. We show that dark vector mesons in a confining dark sector can be resonantly produced in high-energy neutrino scattering on the cosmic neutrino background, generating a distinctive absorption feature in the cosmic neutrino energy spectrum. Unlike conventional attenuation effects, this feature directly reflects the mass spectrum of dark resonances and can therefor…

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astro-ph.EP2026年9月22日

Upside down: GJ3090 b the first retrograde exoplanet around an M dwarf detected with NIRPS

Y. Carteret, V. Bourrier, L. Parc, A. Winter, R. Allart, I. de Castro Leão, F. Bouchy, V. M. Passegger et al.

The angle between stellar spin axis and planetary orbital plane can provide key insights into the formation and dynamical evolution of planetary systems. In particular, this measurement in multi-planet systems can be used to further discriminate between different competing migration scenarios. We present six transit observations of the sub-Neptune GJ3090 b obtained with NIRPS and HARPS. GJ3090 b is the inner planet of a confirmed multi-planet system orbiting an M dwarf (M2). Using high spectral…

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astro-ph.IM2026年9月22日

The Sun can flip the shielding effect of added spacecraft mass

Yasser Maghrbi, Nelson Christensen

Spacecraft structure is usually treated as shielding against energetic particles. We find that the Sun can reverse the effect of adding that structure. Free-falling test masses are the inertial references of gravitational-wave observatories and equivalence-principle experiments; charge accumulated on them couples to stray electric fields and produces acceleration noise that limits sensitivity. In a LISA-like system, increasing the surrounding aluminium from 16 to 24 g cm -2 reduces the stopping-…

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astro-ph.HEgr-qc2026年9月22日

Jet variability in small mass ratio supermassive black hole binaries

Jay V. Kalinani, Manuela Campanelli, Michail Chabanov, Maria Chiara de Simone, Carlos O. Lousto, Helvi Witek, Yosef Zlochower

We present three-dimensional general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of a precessing supermassive black hole binary with mass ratio q=1/7, embedded in a circumbinary disk. We investigate how dynamics within the binary cavity launch and shape a relativistic jet to thousands of gravitational radii. The primary black hole dominates both accretion and jet power, while the smaller black hole repeatedly crosses and shocks the inner accretion flow. These passages of the secondary drive mag…

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astro-ph.GA2026年9月22日

A Newly Discovered VVVX Star Cluster Surfing the Galactic Disk

Elisa R. Garro, José G. Fernández-Trincado, Casmir O. Obasi, Dante Minniti, Matías Gómez, Roberto K. Saito, Javier Alonso-García, Alonso Luna et al.

We report the discovery of Garro 04, a previously unidentified stellar cluster toward the Galactic disc, uncovered as part of the ESO/KMOS VVVX-GalCen Spectroscopic Survey. This object was serendipitously confirmed as a stellar overdensity in the VISTA Variables in the Vía Láctea eXtended (VVVX) survey footprint and subsequently confirmed through medium-resolution $K$-band spectroscopy obtained with the K-band Multi Object Spectrograph (KMOS) at the ESO Very Large Telescope. The combined photome…

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astro-ph.IM2026年9月22日

First Experimental Evaluation of Stray Light Noise Modeling of kilometers-long Beam Tube Arms of Gravitational Wave Detectors

Emilia Chick, Timothy O'Hanlon, Hiro Yamamoto, Denis Martynov. Valery Frolov, Anamaria Effler, Antonios Kontos

We present the results of the first experimental evaluation of stray light noise models for LIGO beam tube baffles. We combine the results of a testing campaign at LIGO Livingston and SIS simulations to get a model of backscatter and diffraction noise of select mid-arm baffles. Agreement to within a factor of $3-10$ is found between models and measured gravitational waHe strain. Two distinct regions of well-propagating motion were identified, at approximately $35Hz$ and $90Hz$, and these are vis…

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astro-ph.HEphysics.plasm-ph2026年9月22日

Particle Acceleration in Stratified 2D MRI Turbulence: From Reconnection to First- and Second-Order Fermi and Shear Acceleration

Astor Sandoval, Mario Riquelme, Jorge Cuadra

Low-luminosity accretion disks around black holes are weakly collisional, potentially enabling nonthermal particle acceleration. Local two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations of the stratified magnetorotational instability (MRI) in pair plasmas by Sandoval et al. (2024; hereafter S24) revealed nonthermal populations with maximum energies proportional to the scale-separation ratio $ω_{c,0}/Ω_0$, where $ω_{c,0}$ and $Ω_0$ are the initial particle cyclotron and Keplerian frequencies, respectiv…

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astro-ph.GA2026年9月22日

CAVITY: Calar Alto Void Integral-field Treasury surveY: II. Second public data release

B. Bidaran, A. Jiménez, R. García-Benito, M. Argudo-Fernández, M. Alcázar-Laynez, S. B. De Daniloff, S. Duarte Puertas, D. Espada et al.

Studying galaxy evolution under the unique environmental conditions of cosmic voids provides an opportunity to disentangle the role of the large-scale environment in shaping mass assembly (both baryonic and dark matter), regulating galaxy physical properties, and driving the transformation from star-forming to quiescent systems. We present the second public data release (DR2) of the Calar Alto Void Integral-field Treasury Survey (CAVITY), an ongoing legacy programme designed to study void galaxi…

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astro-ph.SR2026年9月21日

The Role of Non-local Thermal Transport in Flare-Driven Chromospheric Evaporation

Thomas Parmenter, Tony Arber, Sergey Belov, Tom Goffrey

Thermal conduction plays an important role in energy transport during solar flares. Flares heat the solar atmosphere to tens of MK which, combined with mean free paths in excess of 1Mm, can cause the heat flux to become non-local. We use the magnetohydrodynamic Lare2d code to simulate a reconnective heating event with three different thermal conduction models: classical Spitzer-Harm (SH) along the magnetic field, local transport with a heat flux limiter (FL), and the non-local Schurtz, Nicolai,…

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physics.opticsastro-ph.IMgr-qc2026年9月21日

Real-Time Doppler-Frequency Measurement and Frequency-Pulling Suppression in Arm-locking

Zheng-Rong Xiang, Jun Ke, Tian-Chi Zhu, Hao-Xin Xu, Cheng-Gang Shao, Jie Luo

Arm-locking is an important technique for suppressing laser frequency noise in space-based gravitational-wave detection. However, stronger noise suppression inevitably increases the magnitude of frequency pulling, thereby prolonging the lock-acquisition time and increasing the risk of system instability. To address this issue, this paper proposes a real-time Doppler-frequency measurement and frequency-pulling suppression method based on a linear-quadratic-gaussian controller. To achieve a balanc…

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astro-ph.EPastro-ph.IMastro-ph.SR2026年9月21日

Transit timing variation

Luca Borsato

The transit timing variation (TTV) method is a key approach to the confirmation, detection, and characterisation of exoplanetary systems. This review discusses the detection of TTVs from transit observations and the origins of TTVs, mainly due to gravitational interactions with perturbing planets, whether transiting or not. Additionally, this work details methodologies for deriving planetary parameters, employing quasi-global and local optimisation algorithms within a Bayesian framework. By anal…

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nucl-thastro-ph.HEgr-qc2026年9月21日

Quarkyonic matter suppresses neutron-star $g$ modes and reverses their mass trend

Probit J Kalita, Bharat Kumar

Gravity (g) modes are the only neutron-star oscillations that report on the composition of dense matter rather than on its stiffness, and work on hybrid stars has established that a first-order quark transition raises their frequency. Quarkyonic matter does the opposite. Quark-nucleon chemical equilibrium is maintained by the strong interaction, so the quarks acquire no thermodynamic freedom on an oscillation period and $c_s^2-c_e^2$ reduces to a positive-definite quadratic form in the lepton gr…

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astro-ph.HE2026年9月21日

Multi-wavelength Behaviour and Lepto-hadronic Modeling of PKS 0215+015 Around the Epoch of IceCube-220225A

Athira M Bharathan, Markus Böttcher

The detection of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos has opened a new avenue for identifying cosmic particle accelerators. Blazars, active galactic nuclei (AGN) with relativistic jets oriented close to the observer's line of sight, are promising sites of hadronic interactions capable of producing PeV-scale neutrinos. We investigate the flat-spectrum radio quasar (FSRQ) PKS~0215+015 ($z \simeq 1.715$), positionally consistent with the \textit{IceCube-220225A} neutrino event of estimated energy $\…

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astro-ph.GA2026年9月21日

Physical conditions in PDRs revealed by IGRINS ro-vibrational H2 observations

Aurélien Piluso, Vincent Maillard, Raphael Meshaka, Emeric Bron, Franck Le Petit, Kyle Kaplan, Pierre Palud, Emilie Habart et al.

We compare H2 high ro-vibrational observations of 5 PDRs (S140, IC63, Horsehead Nebula, NGC 2023 and Orion Bar) obtained with the IGRINS spectrograph to PDR models produced with the Meudon PDR code, in order to estimate the physical conditions and to constrain the physical and chemical processes that govern PDRs. We use newly flux-calibrated and extinction-corrected IGRINS H2 observations covering the 1.45-2.45 um range at a resolution of 45000, and adjust Meudon PDR models using both a simple c…

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astro-ph.GA2026年9月21日

Physical conditions in PDRs revealed by IGRINS ro-vibrational H2 observations

Aurélien Piluso, Vincent Maillard, Raphael Meshaka, Emeric Bron, Franck Le Petit, Kyle Kaplan, Pierre Palud, Emilie Habart et al.

We compare H2 high ro-vibrational observations of 5 PDRs (S140, IC63, Horsehead Nebula, NGC 2023 and Orion Bar) obtained with the IGRINS spectrograph to PDR models produced with the Meudon PDR code, in order to estimate the physical conditions and to constrain the physical and chemical processes that govern PDRs. We use newly flux-calibrated and extinction-corrected IGRINS H2 observations covering the 1.45-2.45 um range at a resolution of 45000, and adjust Meudon PDR models using both a simple c…

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astro-ph.GAastro-ph.COastro-ph.SR2026年9月21日

LATED: JWST integral field spectroscopy of a galaxy caught in chemical infancy at $z=4.8$ behind Abell 2744

Mingyu Li, Roberto Maiolino, Zheng Cai, Hannah Übler, Boyuan Liu, Qiao Duan, Fuyan Bian, Sijia Cai et al.

When Population III (Pop III) star formation ended remains an open question. LATED-1 is an intrinsically faint ($M_\mathrm{UV}=-16.15$) Ly$α$ emitter at $z=4.80$ revealed by VLT/MUSE behind the lensing cluster Abell 2744 ($z=0.308$). Before any spectroscopic metallicity constraints, it was identified as an extremely metal-poor or metal-free galaxy candidate from JWST imaging by LATED, our novel photometric selection framework. Here we present serendipitous JWST/NIRSpec PRISM integral-field spect…

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astro-ph.GAastro-ph.COastro-ph.IMastro-ph.SR2026年9月21日

LATED: Ly$α$-anchored photometric selection of candidate metal-free and extremely metal-poor star formation from the end of reionisation to cosmic noon

Mingyu Li, Zheng Cai, Roberto Maiolino, Fuyan Bian, Sijia Cai, Francesco D'Eugenio, Qiao Duan, Eiichi Egami et al.

Cosmological simulations allow a low-level tail of Population III (Pop III) star formation to persist to $z=2-6$. Spectroscopic confirmation is expensive, so an efficient photometric pre-selection is needed. We present LATED (Lyman-Alpha Tomography of Extremely Metal-poor Domains), which selects metal-free and extremely metal-poor candidates from a Ly$α$-emitter parent sample using strong-line diagnostics. The method requires three bands and two colours, $x=m_{\rm OIII}-m_{{\rm H}α}$ and $y=m_{{…

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astro-ph.IM2026年9月21日

Pushing high angular resolution and high contrast observations on the VLTI from Y to L band with the Asgard instrumental suite: integration status and plans

Marc-Antoine Martinod, Michael J. Ireland, Denis Defrère, Stefan Kraus, Frantz Martinache, Peter G. Tuthill, Emilie Bouzerand, Julia Bryant et al.

ESO's VLTI has a history of record-breaking discoveries in astrophysics using high-angular resolution instrumentation. Its latest visitor instrument, the Asgard instrumental suite, is one key to further enhance the potential of the facility, particularly in the very near-infrared. It comprises four natively collaborating instruments: HEIMDALLR, a K-band fringe tracker, wavefront corrector and stellar interferometer in K band, with the same optics; Baldr, an H-band Zernike wavefront sensor; BIFRO…

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